The 2009 Jamaica- USA Extradition Affair: a Securitized Response to Jamaica's Drug Problem
description: This paper utilizes the notion of securitization as a framework for explaining Jamaica's security response to the 2009 Jamaica-USA Extradition Affair. The Extradition Treaty between the two countries is an important agreement used to address Jamaica's drug trafficking problem. The paper argues that Jamaica's official state response in this extradition matter was securitized, and it supports this argument in three ways. First, it explains the securitization model as an important analytical tool in security studies. Second, the paper discusses the production of drug trafficking as a security problem in Jamaica. Further, it demonstrates how the 2009 affair was securitized, culminating in the death of seventy-five Jamaicans before the capture and extradition of the alleged drug cartel. Finally, the paper questions whether, because of the responses it generates, securitization of the drug threat remains a useful policy option for the Jamaican state rather than an alternative of de-securitization. It concludes that, despite the benefits of de-securitization, internal conditions still support the continued securitization of Jamaica's drug problem.
creator: Haughton, Suzette A.
source: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014)
publisher: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy
date: 2014-10-07
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Between Carter and Clinton: Obama's Policy Towards Cuba
description: For almost three decades, democracy promotion has been the cornerstone of US policy towards Cuba and it has shaped bilateral relations around the democratic conditionality codified in the embargo against the island. Obama entered the White House as the 'open minded candidate' who could realize the promise embedded within Jimmy Carter's 2002 speech in Havana, but, for different reasons, the new President opted for a more 'Clintonian' approach characterized by only a partial relaxation of sanctions and people-to-people diplomacy as a tool for obtaining more political concessions from Raul Castro.
creator: Badella, Alessandro
source: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2014)
publisher: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy
date: 2014-07-09
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The Decision on the Maritime Boundary between Chile and Peru: International Law Revisited
description: In 2014, the International Court of Justice rendered its judgment on matters submitted to it by Peru against Chile in 2008. Peru contended that there was a bilateral legal controversy over the delimitation of the maritime spaces between both countries. Chile argued for the validity of long-standing treaties between the parties, which had been enforced and implemented in law and in practice. Was it a classical delimitation controversy from one part, or a reinterpretation of existing agreements from another perspective? The judgment acknowledged the existing maritime delimitation, while jointly declaring that the extent of the parallel line reaches 80 nautical miles.
creator: Infante Caffi, Maria Teresa
source: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2014)
publisher: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy
date: 2014-07-09
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Legal Reflections on the Guyana- Venezuela Maritime Issue
description: This paper contrasts the Guyana-Venezuela maritime incident that occurred on October 10th 2013 with the Guyana-Suriname maritime incident that occurred on June 3rd 2000. It examines several issues to determine whether the actions by the Venezuelan Government to detain the seismic research vessel RV Teknik Perdana which was in disputed waters at the time of the incident can be justified under public international law. First, the different factual backgrounds between the two events are discussed. Next, the legal implication of the different Maritime zones where the two incidents occur is examined. This is followed by a discussion on the use of force in the Guyana-Venezuela incident versus the threat of force in the Guyana-Suriname incident. The Applicability of UNCLOS and its Dispute settlement mechanism to the disputes is also analysed and finally, the applicability of customary international law principles of equidistance or equitable principles to resolve the dispute are discussed. Also, the possibility of Guyana and Venezuela entering into a joint unitisation agreement is examined.
creator: Elias- Roberts, Alicia
source: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014)
publisher: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy
date: 2014-05-01
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The Bail Boys Court: Conflict Transformation and Restorative Justice in Trinidad
description: Restorative justice can and should, but does not always, produce conflict transformation. This article presents qualitative research on an experimental restorative justice project which demonstrates transformations in the lives of gang youths charged with very serious offences, and transformations in the practices of the criminal justice system. The paper situates the gendered cultural context, outlines a critical transformation framework and methodology, and summarises the transformations of the Bail Boys project at the San Fernando Supreme Court, in Trinidad, between 2009 and 2012. Research application in development, criminal justice, youth justice, masculinities and gang crime are outlined.
creator: Ali, Catherine
source: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 1 No. 4 (2013)
publisher: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy
date: 2014-02-25
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Is there a New Theory of International Relations?
description: This article offers a critical and wide-ranging review of extant theories of International Relations (IR). It suggests that, despite the ubiquity of the field and the abundance of research that has been undertaken over the past century, there remains a need for IR to accept and integrate new ways of thinking if it is to grapple successfully with emerging global challenges and also remain relevant to practitioners. In this spirit, some components of a more holistic way of understanding IR are suggested, and this in turn hints at a new agenda for research and practice with broader relevance.
creator: Knight, W. Andy
source: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2013)
publisher: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy
date: 2013-07-02
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

A New Frontier for Caribbean Convergence
description: This article elaborates, explains and analyses the notion of Caribbean Convergence. This represents a new way of thinking about integration in the region, and a potential strategy for injecting the process with new life and energy. The article provides a twelve-point action program for Caribbean convergence, which is grounded in a distinctive series of strategies relating to finance, resource clustering, infrastructure, and production integration.
creator: Dookeran, Winston
source: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2013)
publisher: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy
date: 2013-07-02
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Globalization and the Implications for Trade- Readiness of Small Developing Countries: The Case of Trinidad and Tobago
description: This paper uses the model of the new growth theory to evaluate whether or not Trinidad and Tobago can develop a sustainable path of development in the non-oil sectors that would lead to increased trade with the rest of the world. It is proposed that Trinidad and Tobago's manufacturing sectors may be able to flourish in the global economy if it is able to make use of the technology presently available globally, as well as create and sustain some degree of knowledge creation. A review of the literature shows that developing countries like Trinidad and Tobago can exist and participate in the global economic arena, if they adopt the philosophies and practices that have been advanced by the new growth theories, specifically the endogenous growth theory. This paper postulates that economic growth can be attained if there is sufficient levels of research and development (R&D) applied to the productive process, and this needs to be expressed not only at the level of the firm, but throughout the economy as a whole.
creator: Anatol, Marlon
source: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)
publisher: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy
date: 2013-04-06
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Time to Re- Think and Re- Energize CARICOM- Canada Relations
description: Economic relations between CARICOM and Canada have a long history and the political relationship has always been positive. However, much of Canada's foreign relations with CARICOM is focused on development aid. While Canadian companies do significant business in CARICOM, for decades there has been little real growth or diversification in the region's exports to Canada. There is clear need to find ways of fitting Caribbean firms into new global value chains in which Canada is engaged. The cultural and social ties between the two are quite significant and Caribbean immigrants in Canada contribute in various spheres to that society. But there are significant issues like increasing crime in CARICOM states which Canada could better address. In recent years, the bilateral relationship has become a bit stale. In order to re- invigorate theÂ relationship it is necessary to introduce new ideas and strategic thinking on how to better harness the complementarities between CARICOM and Canada. The current negotiations towards a comprehensive trade and investment agreement provide an opportunity to address long-standing economic issues but should also seek afresh to re-kindle the "special relationship." However, Canada must not try to impose its usual template for free trade agreements on CARICOM; both sides need to be creative and innovative in terms of designing a new framework for bilateral economic, political, social and cultural relations for their mutual benefit.
creator: Chaitoo, Ramesh
source: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)
publisher: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy
date: 2013-04-06
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

A 'Win- Win' Strategy for All? Guyana's Climate Change Strategies and Implications for Indigenous Communities
description: In the contemporary global political context of stringent conservation policy and low carbon economies, Guyana has positioned itself between two divergent paths of development and identity: 1) its desire to entrench itself as a competitive player in the global economy, and 2) its goal to pursue a more ecologically sustainable model of development. Focusing on Guyana's controversial Low Carbon Development Strategy (LCDS) and its Reduction of Emissions through Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) framework, this paper critically explores the increasing marketization of forest management and climate change governance and their implications for negotiating Indigenous rights and participation in national and global climate change and conservation policies and debates.
creator: Chung Tiam Fook, Tanya
source: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013)
publisher: Caribbean Journal of International Relations and Diplomacy
date: 2013-04-06
format: application/pdf
language: eng
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
type: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion