110 10 1153 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jatar, S.C.N. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-12-31 Description An account of the resource Oil as a strategic commodity made its mark from the day it was discovered in 1859. We have now become a “Hydrocarbon Society” as Daniel Yergin claims in his book The Prize.1 Climate change, with 97 percent scientific consensus has, however, jolted the status of oil, which the world had taken for granted. Realisation has now dawned on the need to find an alternative for oil because it is the largest emitter of Greenhouse Gases (GHG). Efforts to replace oil with alternative sources have affected energy planning entailing a relook at the energy strategies of nations. Of particular significance is the consumption of energy by air and sea transportation because there is yet no alternative for aviation jet fuel, and ocean shipping, carrying 80 percent of world trade, emits 3 percent of global GHG. In October 2016, 194 countries, including India, signed the Paris Agreement on Climate Change and agreed to make “Nationally Determined Contributions” (NDCs).  Reducing the use of crude oil will make countries self-reliant by making do with domestic production. This will shake the world's balance of power. The transition to a post-fossil fuel age should be smooth, without affecting energy security. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/108 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/108/114 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2018 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 11 No. 2 (2018): Winter 2018; 19-33 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource Oil and Gas National Security Energy India Title A name given to the resource Oil Security and Its Impact on India Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kapoor, Deepak Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-12-31 Description An account of the resource War is always a messy business. It brings in its wake, a tremendous amount of death, destruction, and devastation. In an idealistic world, one would banish war for good. However, we live in an imperfect world wherein human egos, greed, power, religion, revenge, etc. have a major role to play in shaping the environment. This usher in the inevitability of war as the final arbiter in deciding which way the world should move at a particular point of time in history. We are also aware, of course, that history has a way of repeating itself, thus, underlining the frailty of the human mind in repeatedly falling prey to the same mistakes and not learning much from the past. Warfare is perpetually evolving. From ancient times, when foot soldiers held sway with swords, spears, bows, and arrows, and used forts and obstacles for effective defence, it moved to the use of elephants and horses to provide enhanced mobility and raised platforms for dominating the foot soldier. The introduction of dynamite brought about a revolutionary change in the concept, methodology, conduct, and execution of warfare. A similar effect was created when the tank, followed by the aircraft, entered the battlefield. A study of the two World Wars fought in the 20th century clearly brings out how rapid changes in mobility, lethality, battlefield transparency, and precision affected the very methodology of the conduct of warfare from one to the other, thus, dictating the outcomes. Of course, the use of nuclear weapons at Hiroshima and Nagasaki added a dimension, the consequences of which have threatened the very existence of mankind. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/107 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/107/113 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2018 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 11 No. 2 (2018): Winter 2018; 1-18 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource Future Warfare Global Modern Warfare Title A name given to the resource Future of Land Warfare: A Global Perspective Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sen, Gautam Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018-12-31 Description An account of the resource This is the eleventh year of the CLAWS Journal as published by the Centre for Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS). It also marks the change of editorship to me from Dr. Monica Chansoria, who had steered it for ten full years for which CLAWS as an institution will always be grateful, for her dedication and quest for excellence. This Winter edition of the CLAWS Journal is occurring at the precise junction of time and ideas when a series of transformations are taking place on how the world will look at the conceptual issues related to conflict, war, and world order. More so, it is a time when bridging the gap between the realm of ideas and the domain of public policy will pose the greatest challenge. It is a time when strategic analysis will be essential to securitise the components contributing to the vitality of a nation, on the one hand, and, on the other, to define the purpose of the intent to use power to ensure that multi-nuclear power states remain interdependent in the quest of peace and stability at the global levels. If one could compress the entire evolutionary process of our world to 24 hours, then a man appears only in the last few seconds of that evolutionary process. The 20th Century showed how close man had come to become his greatest enemy when an atomic bomb was used against man himself. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/106 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/106/112 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2018 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 11 No. 2 (2018): Winter 2018; v-vi 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource Editorial Note Title A name given to the resource Note From the Editor: Winter 2018 Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sabherwal, Rajeev Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource Publisher: Georgetown University Press Location: Washington, DC ISBN 978-1626165656 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/105 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/105/111 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 205-208 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource Book Review Cybersecurity Nuclear Weapons Title A name given to the resource Hacking the Bomb: Cyber Threats and Nuclear Weapons: by Andrew Futter Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Doval, Puneet Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource Publisher: Oxford University Press Place: New York, NY; ISBN 978-0-19-060293-2 Pages:470 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/104 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/104/110 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 200-204 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource Israel Book Review National Security Title A name given to the resource Israeli National Security: a New Start for an Era of Change: by Charles David Freilich Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Prabhu, Ranjan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource Accessing and analysing news from around the world has become the key to understanding the global security environment. In view of this, in 1941, United States (U.S.) President Franklin D. Roosevelt established an office called the Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS), to be run out of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). The office's mandate was simple: translate the news from around the world for US policy-makers to make informed decisions. However, in the past, there was only a handful of electronic and print media which needed to be scoured for news by analysts. But, in the current times, the situation has changed drastically. In today's world, there is a multitude of news platforms that produce an immense amount of news data that require a large number of analysts to process the information—making such an organisation uneconomical and unwieldy. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/103 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/103/109 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 194-199 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource Book Review Intelligence Title A name given to the resource “Intelligence in a Datadriven Age by Cortney Weinbaum and John N.T. Shanahan” Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kumar, Narendra Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource The Long-Range Strike Bomber (LRSB) fleet is a legacy left behind by the Cold War era when trans-regional and inter-continental range bombers were part of the nuclear triad. The United States (US) and the Soviet Union maintained LRSBs primarily to support nuclear missions but during the height of the Cold War, these bombers were also kept ready for conventional missions. China has been working for a long to develop LRSBs to put in place a credible nuclear triad. China has redefined its strategic boundaries and is asserting to break the myth of the ‘first and second island chains' to project power beyond these geographical bottlenecks through maritime and air power. The strategic bombers give China flexibility to gain access to the Western Pacific and north-south movement along the Asian seaboard to complement its Anti-Access/Area Denial (AA/AD) strategy. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/99 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/99/107 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 185-193 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource China Long Range Aviation PLA Air Force Title A name given to the resource China's Long Range Bombers a Strategic Challenge to the Region Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kanwal, Gurmeet Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource The vision of a Naya (new) Pakistan enunciated by Prime Minister Imran Khan, Chairman of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) Party, faces seemingly insurmountable challenges. The new government has inherited poor relations with India, continuing conflict along the Af-Pak border, intractable internal security challenges, a failing economy, a huge external debt, and a steady souring of relations with the US. It also faces the possibility of a dent in its relations with China. By accommodating and promoting the geo-strategic interests of China and the United States in Southern Asia over several decades, Pakistan made itself virtually indispensable to both. However, the Trump administration is unwilling to countenance the Pakistan Army's doublespeak and has drastically curtailed military aid. And, in a bearhug which the Pakistanis did not see coming, China has entangled the country in a web of debt through the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). China intends to make the CPEC the flagship project of its ambitious ‘Belt and Road Initiative' (BRI) for the geopolitical and economic domination of Asia. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/97 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/97/105 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, Ind https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 180-184 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource Pakistan China United States Geopolitics Title A name given to the resource Pakistan’s Relations with China and the US: Increasing Misgivings on all Sides Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pathania, Jyoti M. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource The importance of military power will remain as long as the nation-state exists. Some prominent military strategists and thinkers like Chanakya, Clausewitz, and Sun Tzu believed that no nation could be secure unless it had a powerful military, which could deter a potential adversary. Military power is the power that not only determines a country's power ranking but, for many states, the development and growth of their military power becomes a catalyst for their rise to great power status. For any military of the world, it is perhaps necessary to have a basic rule/principle or a set of beliefs to serve as its foundation. This is best encapsulated in the form of a doctrine. But the question arises: should the doctrine also reflect the modernisation and transformation which is required to keep the military upgraded and up to date? This would involve a change in the mindset/thought process, review of doctrine, strategy, war-fighting, concept, organisational structures, human resource optimisation, training methodology, and logistics concepts in order to meet the operational challenges of the future. In other words, the transformation would require a profound change in the overall military affairs. In view of this, the article will examine if any changes have taken place in Pakistan's military doctrine. In doing so, the article is divided into three parts: part one traces the etymology of the word doctrine and defines military doctrine; part two, covers the typology of doctrine; and part three, studies the fundamentals of Pakistan's military doctrine in a two-fold perspective: (a) functions of a fundamental military doctrine; (b) roots of a fundamental military doctrine, and analyses the changes in the doctrine. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/96 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/96/104 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 166-179 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource Pakistan Military Military Structure Title A name given to the resource Has Pakistan's Military Doctrine Transformed? Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CLAWS Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre for Land Warfare Studies, New Delhi, India Language A language of the resource English Dataset Data encoded in a defined structure. Examples include lists, tables, and databases. A dataset may be useful for direct machine processing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rana, D.S. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019-06-30 Description An account of the resource Since the formation of the People's Republic of China (PRC), China's defence forces have evolved through various stages of modernisation with a focus on doctrinal changes, structural reforms, as well as reduction of forces. Post Mao era, the first sincere attempt to infuse professionalism in the outdated People's Liberation Army (PLA) commenced in the true sense when ‘national defence' was made one of the ‘Four Modernisations,' as announced by Deng Xiaoping in 1978. This boost towards military modernisation was catalysed by the reduced threat perception post disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991 and greater allocation in the defence budget for upgradation post 1995, as boosted by an improved Chinese economy. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource application/pdf Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/95 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India Relation A related resource https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/article/view/95/103 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright (c) 2019 Centre For Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, India https://ojs.indrastra.com/index.php/clawsjournal/copyright-transfer-form Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CLAWS Journal; Vol. 12 No. 1 (2019): Summer 2019; 138-165 2319-5177 Subject The topic of the resource China Defence Reforms Title A name given to the resource Chinese Defence Reforms and Lessons for India Type The nature or genre of the resource info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article